On the maintenance bench, we see the most can probably be divided into several categories (but in practice they are mixed together).
1. CNC control boards (CPU / main control board)
These boards are generally installed in Fanuc CNC control units, such as the 0i, 16i, 18i, 21i, and 30i series.
They do very core things, including processing G code, M code; run PLC logic; responsible for interpolation, alarms, system management.
As long as this board has problems, the system is basically "brainless”, either black screen or keep reporting errors.
2. Axis control and servo interface related boards
Many people think that "axis movement is the matter of the driver”, but in fact, from the CNC to the servo between the section of the control, a large part of the board is completed on the card.
These boards are responsible for giving commands to the servo, receiving feedback from the encoder, and communicating at high speed through fiber optics (FSSB). Wrong optical fiber insertion, interface mismatch, or incorrect board version will directly trigger the servo alarm.
3. I/O boards (input/output boards)
I/O boards are the most "grounded” type.
Limits, buttons, relays, solenoid valves, all rely on them and the CNC system to deal with.
Many of the problems such as "no response from the machine” and "no signals coming in or out” are caused by aging or damage to the I/O board.
4. Power supply related boards
Power supply boards are typical "usually inconspicuous, but bad will kill you”.
They are responsible for voltage conversion, voltage stabilization, over-voltage and over-current protection. Once abnormal, the most common phenomenon is that the system can not start, start half of the power failure, random reboot.
5. Servo drive / spindle drive control boards
In the Fanuc servo amplifier, spindle amplifier, the real "brain” is actually the control board.
These boards handle PWM control, current, speed and torque loops, and encoder signals. They require very high test conditions, and without a Fanuc test bench, many problems are not visible at all.
6. Communication and option Boards
Includes:
* Ethernet communication board.
* Memory expansion board.
* Customized option boards for machine tools.
Some machine tools, once the replacement of these boards will start alarms, in fact, not bad board, but the option parameters are not correct.
